This document is an annotated bibliography organized into the groups: 1. What is the nature of the problem?:General analysis; 2. How does evaluation bias actually operate? 3. Strategies for reducing the impact of bias on judgments; 4. Dual career and work-family issues; and 5. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender issues.

Scholars from a range of academic fields have documented and described numerous challenges faced by sexual minorities3 in higher education. Among these projects are narratives and analyses of faculty and students’ experiences with discrimination and demoralization; critiques of the ways in which university communities unwittingly reproduce expectations of heterosexuality as the norm; and suggestions for making universities more welcoming and supportive of sexual minorities.

“The assessment of doctoral student climate was initially inspired by a study conducted by the ADVANCE Program which had evaluated the climate for women and underrepresented minority faculty in science and engineering.” Conducted in 2004 with 1200 participants. findings regarding confidence and discouragement are reported.